fix: 专项附加扣除改为5项明细分类（子女教育、赡养老人、住房、继续教育、婴幼儿照护）

- 后端 GET /profile 返回最新月份的专项附加扣除明细记录
- 后端 PUT /profile 保存明细到 SpecialDeductionRecord 表（当前月份 upsert）
- 前端5项明细输入框 + 合计实时计算 + 备注字段
- 与管理端社保>专项附加扣除 Tab 数据结构一致

frontend/src/pages/portal/MyProfile.tsx

@@ -23,7 +23,14 @@ export default function MyProfile() {
     bankName: '',
     education: '',
     city: '',
-    specialDeduction: 0,
+  })
+  const [deductionForm, setDeductionForm] = useState({
+    children: 0,
+    elderly: 0,
+    housing: 0,
+    education: 0,
+    infant: 0,
+    remark: '',
   })
 
   const { data: profile, isLoading } = useQuery<any>({
@@ -41,7 +48,15 @@ export default function MyProfile() {
         bankName: profile.bankName || '',
         education: profile.education || '',
         city: profile.city || '',
-        specialDeduction: profile.specialDeduction ?? 0,
+      })
+      const d = profile.specialDeductionDetail
+      setDeductionForm({
+        children: d?.children || 0,
+        elderly: d?.elderly || 0,
+        housing: d?.housing || 0,
+        education: d?.education || 0,
+        infant: d?.infant || 0,
+        remark: d?.remark || '',
       })
     }
   }, [profile])
@@ -59,7 +74,7 @@ export default function MyProfile() {
   })
 
   const handleSave = () => {
-    updateMutation.mutate(form)
+    updateMutation.mutate({ ...form, specialDeductionDetail: deductionForm })
   }
 
   if (isLoading) {
@@ -211,15 +226,77 @@ export default function MyProfile() {
               disabled={!editing}
             />
           </div>
-          <div>
-            <Label>专项附加扣除（元/月）</Label>
-            <Input
-              type="number"
-              value={form.specialDeduction}
-              onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, specialDeduction: Number(e.target.value) || 0 })}
-              placeholder="子女教育、赡养老人等，0表示无"
-              disabled={!editing}
-            />
+        </div>
+
+        {/* 专项附加扣除明细 */}
+        <div className="mt-4 pt-4 border-t">
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-3">
+            <h3 className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-700">专项附加扣除（元/月）</h3>
+            <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">
+              合计：¥{((deductionForm.children || 0) + (deductionForm.elderly || 0) + (deductionForm.housing || 0) + (deductionForm.education || 0) + (deductionForm.infant || 0)).toLocaleString('zh-CN', { minimumFractionDigits: 2 })}
+              {profile.specialDeductionDetail?.month && `（${profile.specialDeductionDetail.month}月记录）`}
+            </span>
+          </div>
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-3 gap-3">
+            <div>
+              <Label>子女教育</Label>
+              <Input
+                type="number"
+                value={deductionForm.children}
+                onChange={(e) => setDeductionForm({ ...deductionForm, children: Number(e.target.value) || 0 })}
+                placeholder="0"
+                disabled={!editing}
+              />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <Label>赡养老人</Label>
+              <Input
+                type="number"
+                value={deductionForm.elderly}
+                onChange={(e) => setDeductionForm({ ...deductionForm, elderly: Number(e.target.value) || 0 })}
+                placeholder="0"
+                disabled={!editing}
+              />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <Label>住房贷款/租金</Label>
+              <Input
+                type="number"
+                value={deductionForm.housing}
+                onChange={(e) => setDeductionForm({ ...deductionForm, housing: Number(e.target.value) || 0 })}
+                placeholder="0"
+                disabled={!editing}
+              />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <Label>继续教育</Label>
+              <Input
+                type="number"
+                value={deductionForm.education}
+                onChange={(e) => setDeductionForm({ ...deductionForm, education: Number(e.target.value) || 0 })}
+                placeholder="0"
+                disabled={!editing}
+              />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <Label>婴幼儿照护</Label>
+              <Input
+                type="number"
+                value={deductionForm.infant}
+                onChange={(e) => setDeductionForm({ ...deductionForm, infant: Number(e.target.value) || 0 })}
+                placeholder="0"
+                disabled={!editing}
+              />
+            </div>
+            <div className="md:col-span-3">
+              <Label>备注</Label>
+              <Input
+                value={deductionForm.remark}
+                onChange={(e) => setDeductionForm({ ...deductionForm, remark: e.target.value })}
+                placeholder="可选备注信息"
+                disabled={!editing}
+              />
+            </div>
           </div>
         </div>