# 07 · 步骤六：AI协同后端API构建与验证

> 目标：AI参与API开发，逐个验证——快速交付能用的代码，不追求完美架构。 `[Delta主导，AI为主]`

## 1. 指标分层设计

```
L0: 原始数据层 (bill_records, salary_detail_records, attendance_records)
       ↓
L1: 预聚合层 (物化视图 mv_*)
       ↓
L2: API层 (后端路由，SQL查询 + 业务逻辑)
       ↓
L3: 展示层 (前端页面，图表 + 表格)
```

## 2. 页面与API总览

| 页面 | 文件 | 调用的 API |
|------|------|-----------|
| 总部驾驶舱 | DashboardPage.tsx | /overview, /overview/daily, /stores/risk, /stores/priority, /tasks/loop-health, /stores/quadrant, /platform/economics, /situational-awareness/alerts, /store-expense/overview, /overview/yoy, /overview/mom, /overview/trend, /overview/profit-trend |
| 老板驾驶舱 | BossPage.tsx | /overview, /overview/daily, /store-expense/overview, /overview/profit-waterfall, /stores/risk, /stores/priority, /cost-analysis/store-overview, /store-expense/expense-structure, /overview/store-profit-ranking, /overview/profit-opportunity |
| 门店工作台 | StorePage.tsx | /stores/risk, /stores/priority, /tasks/stores/:code/daily-card, /tasks, /stores/:code/daily, /tasks/followup, /sku/attach, /sku/abc, /stores/:code, /situational-awareness/health-score, /stores/:code/meal-period, /stores/:code/category-mix, /stores/:code/cost, /stores/:code/member, /stores/:code/anomalies, /stores/:code/staffing |
| 成本分析 | CostPage.tsx | /cost/comparison, /cost/inventory, /cost/category-benchmark |
| 成本分析(Tab) | cost-analysis/*.tsx | /cost-analysis/overview, /category-comparison, /margin-deviation, /variance-top, /menu-engineering, /profitability, /pricing, /store-overview, /store-ranking, /bom-*, /packaging-*, /material-*, /data-quality, /unmatched-* |
| 费用分析(Tab) | store-expense/*.tsx | /store-expense/overview, /expense-structure, /store-ranking, /store-contribution, /break-even, /loss-diagnosis, /delivery-commission, /rent-risk, /fixed-variable, /efficiency, /store-evaluation |
| 风险监控 | RiskPage.tsx | /risk/anomaly, /risk/zero-received, /risk/cashier |
| 态势感知 | SituationalAwarenessPage.tsx | /situational-awareness/health-score, /alerts, /correlation, /forecast |
| 会员复购 | MemberPage.tsx | /member/comparison, /member/repeat |
| SKU分析 | SKUPage.tsx | /sku/abc, /sku/category |
| 菜单工程 | MenuEngineeringPage.tsx | /analytics-enhanced/menu-engineering/actions |
| 产品生命周期 | ProductLifecyclePage.tsx | /product/products, /product/reviews/overview, /product/reviews |
| BOM穿透 | BomPenetrationPage.tsx | /central-kitchen/bom-penetration |
| 分销对账 | DistributionReconciliationPage.tsx | /distribution/reconciliation |
| 生产计划 | ProductionPlanPage.tsx | /sales-driven/production-plan |
| 任务闭环 | TasksPage.tsx | /tasks |
| 数据导入 | DataImportPage.tsx | /product/import-logs, /product/quality-rules |
| 本体浏览 | OntologyPage.tsx | /tasks/ontology/* |

> 详细的逐页面→API→SQL→数据源字段映射，见 [08-数据溯源与API全量清单.md](08-数据溯源与API全量清单.md)

## 3. 后端API规范

### 3.1 路由组织

```
server/src/routes/
├── data.ts              # 核心数据API（概览、门店、风险明细等）
├── situational-awareness.ts  # 态势感知（健康度、预警、关联分析）
├── smart-scheduling.ts  # 智能排班
├── cost-analysis.ts     # 成本分析
├── store-expense.ts     # 门店费用
├── analytics-enhanced.ts # 增强分析
├── admin.ts             # 管理
└── tts.ts               # 语音
```

### 2.2 通用模式

```typescript
// 月份参数解析
const month = parseMonth(req)  // 从 query 参数获取，默认 '2026-04'

// 分页
const { page, pageSize, offset } = parsePagination(req)

// 数据权限
const scope = getDataScope(req)  // 返回 store_names 数组或 null（全部）

// 响应格式
sendSuccess(res, data, meta?)   // { success: true, data, meta }
sendError(res, message)         // { success: false, error: message }
```

### 2.3 SQL查询模式

**安全参数化**：
```typescript
// 正确：参数化查询
const result = await query(`SELECT * FROM mv_risk_anomaly WHERE month = to_char($1::date, 'YYYY-MM')`, [month])

// 错误：字符串拼接
const result = await query(`SELECT * FROM mv_risk_anomaly WHERE month = '${month}'`)
```

**动态条件构建**：
```typescript
const conditions: string[] = [`month = to_char($1::date, 'YYYY-MM')`]
const params: any[] = [month]
let paramIdx = 2
if (storeName) {
  conditions.push(`store_name = $${paramIdx}`)
  params.push(storeName)
  paramIdx++
}
const whereClause = conditions.join(' AND ')
```

**聚合汇总+分页**：
```typescript
// 先查总数和汇总
const countResult = await query(`SELECT count(*) AS total, sum(consumption) AS sum_consumption FROM mv_risk_anomaly WHERE ${whereClause}`, params)
// 再查明细
const result = await query(`SELECT * FROM mv_risk_anomaly WHERE ${whereClause} ORDER BY ${sortCol} ${order} LIMIT $${paramIdx} OFFSET $${paramIdx + 1}`, [...params, pageSize, offset])
```

## 3. 常见SQL陷阱与修复

### 3.1 Schema前缀错误

**症状**：`relation "analytics.mv_channel_daily" does not exist`

**排查**：
```sql
SELECT schemaname, matviewname FROM pg_matviews WHERE matviewname LIKE '%channel%';
```

**修复**：确认实际schema，移除或修正前缀
```typescript
// 错误：FROM analytics.mv_channel_daily
// 正确：FROM mv_channel_daily  (实际在public schema)
```

### 3.2 列名不存在

**症状**：`column "risk_score" does not exist`

**排查**：
```sql
SELECT column_name FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = 'mv_store_risk_rating_monthly';
```

**修复策略**：
- 策略A：改用 `SELECT *`（当不需要特定列名时）
- 策略B：用 `0 AS column_name` 替代不存在的列（当前端期望该字段时）
- 策略C：修正为正确的列名

### 3.3 日期格式不匹配

**症状**：薪资相关查询返回0条

**排查**：
```sql
SELECT DISTINCT salary_period FROM salary_detail_records ORDER BY 1 DESC LIMIT 5;
-- 结果：2026年4月（非2026-04）
```

**修复**：
```typescript
// 错误：s.salary_month = to_char($1::date, 'YYYY-MM')
// 正确：s.salary_period = to_char($1::date, 'YYYY"年"FMMM"月"')
```

### 3.4 物化视图stale

**症状**：API返回数据与直接查原始表不一致

**排查**：对比物化视图和原始表的count
```sql
SELECT count(*) FROM mv_risk_anomaly WHERE month = '2026-04';
SELECT count(*) FROM bill_records WHERE to_char(c176::timestamp, 'YYYY-MM') = '2026-04' AND ...;
```

**修复**：重建物化视图
```sql
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW mv_risk_anomaly;
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mv_risk_anomaly AS ...;
CREATE INDEX idx_mv_risk_anomaly_month ON mv_risk_anomaly(month);
```

## 4. 考勤打卡数据解析

### 4.1 department路径解析门店名

```
北京西部马华餐饮有限公司/西部马华品牌门店/胡庆鹏区/HQP2区/双安店/前厅/服务组
```

**提取逻辑**（从后往前找以"店"结尾的层级）：
```typescript
function extractStore(dept: string): string {
  const parts = dept.split('/')
  for (let i = parts.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
    if (parts[i].endsWith('店')) return parts[i]
  }
  return ''
}
```

### 4.2 打卡时间解析

格式：`08:43(考勤机：指纹)\n21:23(考勤机：指纹)`

```typescript
function parseClockTimes(raw: string): { start: number; end: number } | null {
  const times = raw.match(/(\d{1,2}):(\d{2})/g)
  if (!times || times.length < 2) return null
  const startHour = parseInt(times[0].match(/(\d{1,2}):/)[1])
  let endHour = parseInt(times[times.length - 1].match(/(\d{1,2}):/)[1])
  if (endHour < startHour) endHour = 23  // 跨天
  return { start: startHour, end: endHour }
}
```

### 4.3 日均在岗人数估算

```typescript
// 每个员工每天打卡算1人在岗，按小时累计
// 月度汇总后除以30天得到日均同时在岗人数
staffSummary[store][hour] = Math.round(totalPersonHours[store][hour] / 30)
```

**关键点**：客流数据 `mv_bill_hourly.bills` 也是月度汇总，展示时需除以30天对齐。